Mysore Medical College and Research Institute (MMCRI / MMC&RI) — previously called Government Medical College, Mysore — is one of the oldest, most historic, and most prestigious medical institutions in India, established in June/July 1924 by Maharaja Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV, the beloved ruler of the erstwhile Kingdom of Mysore. MMCRI is the FIRST medical college in Karnataka, the ONLY medical college in all of Karnataka until 1952, and the SEVENTH oldest medical college in India. Its origins trace back to 1833, when Krishnaraja Wadiyar III established a Vaidyashala (Medical School) at Mysore for treatment using English medicine. A Mysore Medical School was set up in Bangalore in 1917 to train Sub Assistant Surgeons; this was upgraded in 1924 to a full-fledged Medical College affiliated to the University of Mysore. In 1930, at the cherished insistence of HH Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV — who was unwilling to see Mysore deprived of its own medical college — the institution was shifted from Bangalore to Mysore against considerable opposition from the medical profession; the college is thus regarded as 'twice born'. Located on Irwin Road in the heart of Mysuru, adjacent to Mysuru City Railway Station and 1.1 km from the KSRTC Bus Stand, MMCRI occupies a 160-acre campus that blends magnificent heritage architecture with modern medical facilities. It is affiliated with RGUHS, Bengaluru, and approved by NMC for 250 MBBS seats, 30+ MD/MS specialties (including PG Diplomas), and Super Specialty M.Ch courses — one of the only government colleges in Karnataka with M.Ch training. MMCRI's primary attached teaching hospital is Krishnarajendra Hospital (K R Hospital) — founded in 1927 by Sri Krishnarajendra Wadiyar, with 1,050+ beds, a new multistoried OPD building with ICCU, and comprehensive super-specialty services including Urology, Plastic Surgery, Burns, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry. The historic Cheluvamba Hospital (formerly Vanivilas Hospital, est. 1880) with 400–500 beds is an affiliated teaching hospital for OBG and Paediatrics training. MMCRI's MBBS programme is entirely merit-based (no Management/NRI quota): 85% KEA State Quota and 15% MCC AIQ. NEET 2024 AIQ General Round 4 closing rank: 15,709. NEET 2025 AIQ General Round 1 opening rank: 3,627. Annual MBBS fee: ~₹64,350 (government norms); intern stipend: ₹30,000/month. Notable alumni include Sir M. Visvesvaraya, former President R. Venkataraman (attended for treatment by MMCRI doctors), and thousands of distinguished doctors across India and the world. MMCRI has a 600-seat Platinum Jubilee Auditorium (JK Grounds), digital library, modern skill labs, and active research culture. Ranked Collegedunia #104 (2025); Karnataka State Ranking: #3 Government; All India Ranking ~#240 approximately.